![]() ![]() Perhaps additional retinal layers have been included, making the layer of interest appear thicker than it is, or there could be missing pieces making it appear thinner. This means the software does not detect the retinal layer or the ganglion cell layer in which we are interested. A discrepancy between the patient’s optic nerve appearance at the slit lamp compared with a scan printout is the first red flag that there may be an artifact or a segmentation error. Consider the totality of data, not just one piece of it, ensuring that the information correlates with how the patient’s anatomy appears clinically. The Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering) with the Glaucoma Module Premium Edition (GMPE) and Hood Glaucoma Report allows us to review all information and put these data in context regarding what we may expect to see with the patient’s detectable functional damage on the visual field ( Figures 1 and 2). Evaluation of the macular ganglion cell layer is complementary to RNFL analysis and is theoretically more sensitive to determine glaucomatous damage due to the high density and multilayered pattern of retinal ganglion cells that make up the ganglion cell layer (GCL). I evaluate the overall RNFL raw data to identify segmentation errors or artifacts that may affect thickness. Steen’s perspectiveįor optimal scan quality, ensure the RNFL image is centered and look closely at the temporal superior nasal inferior temporal (TSNIT) plot to determine RNFL thickness individually and compared to the reference database. These errors and artifacts can have an impact on clinicians’ ability to detect glaucoma, and they take on greater significance when following patients’ disease progression over the long term. It is important to review the raw data, scrolling through the individual images, to determine whether a potential artifact or segmentation error is present rather than relying on the color classification. When reviewing the data, eye care providers should check for areas on the image that do not correlate with the clinical view of the anatomy. This means looking for the presence of artifacts, a common occurrence with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) images. The University of Washington discloses a patent incorporating the endogenous reprogramming technology described in this report with inventors LT and TAR.When evaluating optical coherence tomography (OCT) in suspected cases of glaucoma or patients with established disease, it is crucial to obtain high-quality images to avoid inaccurate diagnoses. The study was funded by several National Eye Institute (NEI) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants - a complete list can be found in the paper - and grants from the Bright Focus Foundation and Gilbert Family Foundation. Malechka, John Dayron Rivera and Thomas A Reh. In addition to Baranov, Soucy and Kriukov, co-authors of the study include Levi Todd, Monichan Phay, Volha V. The study was co-led by members of Baranov's lab at Mass Eye and Ear including bioengineer and lead study author Jonathan R Soucy, PhD, and lead bioinformatician Emil Kriukov, MD. "It was an exciting journey to work with a team of talented scientists with unique expertise to develop novel techniques in this study to modify the local environment to guide cell behavior - techniques that potentially be applied to treat other neurodegenerative conditions." "This method of using chemokines to guide donor cell movement and integration represents a promising approach to restoring vision in glaucoma patients," said senior author Petr Baranov, MD, PhD, of Mass Eye and Ear, who is also an assistant professor of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School. ![]() They found stromal derived factor 1 was the best performing molecule for both migration and transplantation. The research team utilized a "big data" approach and examined hundreds of such molecules and receptors to find 12 unique to RGCs. To identify an improved solution, the researchers created RGCs out of stem cells, then tested the ability of various signaling molecules known as chemokines to guide these new neurons to their correct positions within the retina. One limitation that prevents the success of current stem cell transplantation strategies in retina studies is that the majority of donor cells remain at the site of injection and do not migrate where they are most needed. They conducted their study on the adult mouse retina, but the work's implications could one day be applied to human retina, according to the researchers who published their findings November 6th in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. In their new study, researchers changed the microenvironment in the eye in a way that enabled them to take stem cells from blood and turn them into retinal ganglion cells that were capable of migrating and surviving into the eye's retina. ![]()
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